Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the value of direct and indirect markers showing inf- lammation in the diagnosis of Brucella epidid- ymo-orchitis (BEO) and its differentiation from non-Brucella epididymo-orchitis.
Material and Methods: A total of 152 pa- tients that presented to our clinic with acute sc- rotal complaints and were diagnosed with epidid- ymo-orchitis between January 2015 and January 2019 were retrospectively evaluated. Excluded from the study were 15 patients with a hemato- logic disease, coronary artery disease or malig- nant diagnosis, eight patients aged below 18 years, and 13 patients whose hemogram and C-reactive protein (CRP) values were not available in their medical records. The diagnosis of epididymo-or- chitis was based on laboratory (leukocytosis, CRP elevation) and radiological findings. The diagnosis of BEO was defined as ≥1/160 titer value and/or positive blood culture in the standard tube aggluti- nation (STA) test in addition to orchitis symptoms and signs.
Results: The median WBC (p=0.033), neut- rophil (p=0.013) and monocyte (p=0.006) counts and NL (p=0.014) and ML (p=0.002) ratios were statistically significantly lower in the BEO group. The ML ratio had the highest predictive value with an AUC of 0.725 (95% CI = 0.146-0.424; p=0.002), as well as high specificity (97.3%) and diagnostic accuracy (83.5%) in predicting a BEO diagnosis. No parameter was an independent factor in the differentiation of BEO and NBEO.
Conclusions: Easy, fast and low-cost hemoto- logical inflammatory markers provide diagnostic benefits complementing serological tests in dis- tinguishing BEO from NBEO cases. In particular, MLR has a high diagnostic accuracy compared to other parameters.
Keywords: Brucella, epididymo-orchitis, in- fectious diseases, monocyte/lymphocyte ratio
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the value of direct and indirect markers showing inf- lammation in the diagnosis of Brucella epidid- ymo-orchitis (BEO) and its differentiation from non-Brucella epididymo-orchitis.
Material and Methods: A total of 152 pa- tients that presented to our clinic with acute sc- rotal complaints and were diagnosed with epidid- ymo-orchitis between January 2015 and January 2019 were retrospectively evaluated. Excluded from the study were 15 patients with a hemato- logic disease, coronary artery disease or malig- nant diagnosis, eight patients aged below 18 years, and 13 patients whose hemogram and C-reactive protein (CRP) values were not available in their medical records. The diagnosis of epididymo-or- chitis was based on laboratory (leukocytosis, CRP elevation) and radiological findings. The diagnosis of BEO was defined as ≥1/160 titer value and/or positive blood culture in the standard tube aggluti- nation (STA) test in addition to orchitis symptoms and signs.
Results: The median WBC (p=0.033), neut- rophil (p=0.013) and monocyte (p=0.006) counts and NL (p=0.014) and ML (p=0.002) ratios were statistically significantly lower in the BEO group. The ML ratio had the highest predictive value with an AUC of 0.725 (95% CI = 0.146-0.424; p=0.002), as well as high specificity (97.3%) and diagnostic accuracy (83.5%) in predicting a BEO diagnosis. No parameter was an independent factor in the differentiation of BEO and NBEO.
Conclusions: Easy, fast and low-cost hemoto- logical inflammatory markers provide diagnostic benefits complementing serological tests in dis- tinguishing BEO from NBEO cases. In particular, MLR has a high diagnostic accuracy compared to other parameters.
Keywords: Brucella, epididymo-orchitis, in- fectious diseases, monocyte/lymphocyte ratio